Like English alphabets, hiragana and Katakana is a basic character of Japanese. Hiragana is used for writing preferentially. Katakana is used for words derived from overseas and a name of animals/plants.
ひらがな hiragana
カタカナ katakana
きょう(today) kyou
きのう(yesterday) kinou
あした(tomorrow) ashita/asita
イヌ(dog) inu
ネコ(cat) neko
Hiragana and Katakana sheet are put below. I hope it would help you when you type Hiragana and Katakana.
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